Veturia (gens)
The gens Veturia, anciently called Vetusia, was a patrician family at Rome, which also had plebeian branches. The patrician branch was of great antiquity; according to tradition, one of their number, Mamurius Veturius, lived in the time of Numa Pompilius, and made the sacred ancilia.
The Veturii are also mentioned in the early times of the Republic, and one of them, Publius Veturius Geminus Cicurinus, was consul in the eleventh year of the Republic, 499 BC. The Veturii rarely occur in later times of the Republic, and after the year 206 BC, when Lucius Veturius Philo was consul, their name disappears from the Fasti.[1]
Origin of the gens
From the tradition of Mamurius Veturius being connected with the history of Numa, and also from his having two gentile names, we may conclude that the Veturii were of Sabine origin, and belonged to the second tribe at Rome, the Tities or Titienses. The ancient form of the nomen, Vetusius, followed the same pattern as a number of other nomina, including Fusius, Papisius, Numisius, and Valesius, which became Furius, Papirius, Numerius, and Valerius.[2]
Praenomina used by the gens
Each branch of the Veturii used a slightly different group of praenomina. The two eldest branches, which each bore the cognomen Cicurinus, both appear to have been descended from sons of Publius Veturius Geminus Cicurinus. The branch which retained the surname Geminus used Titus and Gaius, while the Crassi Cicurini used Spurius, Tiberius, Marcus, Lucius, and Gaius. Titus and Spurius were the dominant praenomina in the early generations of the family, while Lucius was the most common name amongst the later Veturii. The Veturii Philones also used the praenomen Postumus.[3]
Branches and cognomina of the gens
The Veturii were divided into families, bearing respectively the names of Calvinus, Crassus Cicurinus, Geminus Cicurinus, and Philo. The coins of the Veturia gens have no cognomen upon them.[4][5]
Cicurinus was the cognomen of a patrician family of the gens. Varro says that the Veturii obtained the surname from their quiet and domesticated (cicur) disposition. Cicurinus seems to have been the name of two distinct families of the Veturia gens, which were called respectively the Crassi Cicurini and Gemini Cicurini.[6]
Members of the gens
- This list includes abbreviated praenomina. For an explanation of this practice, see filiation.
- Mamurius Veturius, or Veturius Mamurius, made the sacred ancilia in the reign of Numa Pompilius, the second King of Rome.
- Veturia, the mother of Gaius Marcius Coriolanus.
- Titus Veturius Calvinus, consul in 334 and 321 BC, during the Second Samnite War, defeated at the Caudine Forks.
- Tiberius Veturius Gracchus Sempronianus, apparently one of the Sempronii, who had been adopted into the gens Veturia, and was subsequently elected augur to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus in 174 BC.[7]
Veturii Gemini Cicurini
- Publius Veturius Geminus Cicurinus, one of the first quaestors in 509 BC, and subsequently consul in 499 BC.
- Titus Veturius Geminus Cicurinus, consul in 494 BC, proceeded against the Aequi, who retreated into the mountains at his approach.[8][9][10]
- Titus Veturius T. f. Geminus Cicurinus, consul in 462 BC, defeated the Volsci, and received an ovation.[11][12][13]
- Gaius Veturius P. f. Geminus Cicurinus, consul in 455 BC, defeated the Aequi.
Veturii Crassi Cicurini
- Spurius Veturius P. f. (Crassus) Cicurinus, father of the decemvir.
- Spurius Veturius S. f. P. n. Crassus Cicurinus, one of the decemvirs appointed to codify the first ten tables of Roman law, in 451 BC.[14][15]
- Spurius Veturius S. f. S. n. Crassus Cicurinus, tribunus militum consulari potestate in 417 BC.[16][17]
- Tiberius Veturius S. f. Crassus Cicurinus, father of the consular tribune of 399 BC.
- Marcus Veturius Ti. f. S. n. Crassus Cicurinus, tribunus militum consulari potestate in 399 BC, the only patrician elected this year; his five colleagues were all plebeians.[18][19]
- Lucius Veturius S. f. Crassus Cicurinus, father of the consular tribune of 368 and 367 BC.
- Gaius Veturius (L. f. S. n.) Crassus Cicurinus, tribunus militum consulari potestate in 377 and 369 BC.[20][21]
- Lucius Veturius L. f. S. n. Crassus Cicurinus, tribunus militum consulari potestate in 368 and 367 BC.[22]
Veturii Philones
- Postumus Veturius Philo, grandfather of the consul of 220 BC.
- Lucius Veturius Post. f. Philo, father of the consul of 220 BC.
- Lucius Veturius L. f. Post. n. Philo, consul in 220 BC, dictator in 217 and censor in 210 BC.
- Lucius Veturius L. f. L. n. Philo, consul in 206 BC, and subsequently accompanied Scipio on his African campaign.
See also
References
- ^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor.
- ^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor.
- ^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor.
- ^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor.
- ^ Joseph Hilarius Eckhel, Doctrina Numorum Veterum, v. 337.
- ^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor.
- ^ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, xli. 26.
- ^ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, ii. 28-30.
- ^ Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Romaike Archaiologia, vi. 34.
- ^ Quintus Asconius Pedianus, in Cornel., p. 76, ed. Orelli
- ^ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, iii. 8, 10.
- ^ Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Romaike Archaiologia, ix. 69.
- ^ Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica, xi. 81.
- ^ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, iii. 33.
- ^ Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Romaike Archaiologia, x. 56.
- ^ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, iii. 47.
- ^ Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Romaike Archaiologia, xiii. 7.
- ^ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, v. 13.
- ^ Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica, xiv. 54.
- ^ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, vi. 32, 36.
- ^ Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica, xv. 61, 77.
- ^ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, vi. 38, 42.
This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology by William Smith (1870).